Question

The Swaraj Party was organized by
A. Lala Rajpat Rai and Feroz Shah Mehta
B. Sarojini Naidu and Annie Besant
C. C R Das and Motilal Nehru
D. C Rajagopalachari and C Y Chintamani

Answer 1

Hint: The Swaraj Party was founded in 1923 and dissolved in 1935. It was known as the Khilafat Swaraj Party Congress. As a result of the Bengal Partition, the Swaraj Party secured the largest number of seats in the 1923 elections to the Bengal Legislative Council.

Complete Answer:
- Swaraj was a political party founded in India during January 1923, after the annual Gaya conference of the National Congress in December 1922, which seeked for greater self-government and political independence from the British Raj for the people of the country.
- It was influenced by the Swaraj idea. In Hindi and many other Indian languages, swaraj means freedom' or 'self-ruling.' The two most influential leaders were Chittaranjan Das, who was its president, and Motilal Nehru, who was its secretary.
- Das and Nehru were thinking of contesting the election to the Legislative Council with a view to obstructing a foreign government. Many Swaraj candidates were elected to the Central Legislative Assembly and the Provincial Legislative Council in the 1923 elections. They strongly opposed unfair government policies in these legislatures.

The options are as follows:
- The Swaraj Party was not organized by Lala Rajpat Rai and Feroz Shah Mehta. Thus, Option A is incorrect.
- The Swaraj Party was not organized by Sarojini Naidu and Annie Besant. Thus, Option B is also incorrect.
- C R Das and Motilal Nehru organized the Swaraj Party. Thus, Option C is correct.
- The Swaraj Party was not organized by C Rajagopalachari and C Y Chintamani. Thus, Option D is also not right.

Therefore, the right answer is Option C.

Note: From 1935 onwards, the Swarajya Party did not exist and the Indian National Congress was elected to the Imperial Legislative Council as well as the Madras Legislative Council.
- The Swaraj Party was founded on 9 January 1923 by both Indian politicians and members of the Indian National Congress who were against Mahatma's suspension of all civil resistance on 12 February 1922 as a response to the tragedy of Chauri Chaura, where policemen were killed by a mob of protesters.
- Swarajist members (45/145) were elected to the councils in the Indian general election of 1923 and Vithalbhai Patel was then elected President of the Central Legislative Assembly.