Question

The structural unit present in pyro silicates is:
A) \[S{{i}_{3}}{{O}_{9}}^{6-}\]
B) \[Si{{O}_{4}}^{2-}\]
C) $S{{i}_{2}}{{O}_{7}}^{6-}$
D) ${{\left( Si{{O}_{5}}^{2-} \right)}_{n}}$

Answer 1

Hint: The tetrahedral structural unit of silicate has the formulae, $Si{{O}_{4}}^{4-}$. Silicates units are completely made of Si and O atoms only.

Complete step by step answer:
Silicates are those minerals which contain tetrahedral units of formulae $Si{{O}_{4}}^{4-}$, and these tetrahedral units combine in different fashion to yield different types of silicates.
Pyro silicates two tetrahedral units of silicates combined by sharing an Oxygen atom with two units. Or we can say that the tetrahedral silicate unit joins by the removal of an $O$ atom and the units are combined at the corner of the $O$ atom. So the formulae becomes $S{{i}_{2}}{{O}_{7}}^{6-}$.
The structure of pyro silicate is,

So from the structure it is clear that, a Si atom which is surrounded by four O atoms having a negative charge that is the silicate tetrahedral structure of formulae $Si{{O}_{4}}^{4-}$ and two units of silicate units are combined at the corner of one of the O atom and in this combination one O is lost.

So the correct option for the answer is option (C).

Additional information:
On the basis of tetrahedral units of silicate combines, it is classified into:
Ortho silicates -$\left( Si{{O}_{4}}^{4-} \right)$
Pyro silicates - ($S{{i}_{2}}{{O}_{7}}^{6-}$)
Cyclic silicates-${{\left( Si{{O}_{3}} \right)}_{n}}^{2n-}$
Chain silicates-${{\left( Si{{O}_{3}} \right)}_{n}}^{2n-}$
Double chain silicates -${{\left( S{{i}_{4}}{{O}_{11}} \right)}_{n}}^{6-n}$
Sheet silicates-${{\left( S{{i}_{2}}{{O}_{5}} \right)}_{n}}^{2-n}$, with discrete structural units.

Note: Example of silicates is Thortveitite with the formulae, \[S{{c}_{2}}S{{i}_{2}}{{O}_{7}}\]. If instead of pyro silicate Thortveitite or if its formulae was give and asked to answer the structural unit of it then we may write, as Thortveitite comes under the classification of Pyro silicates the structural unit will be $S{{i}_{2}}{{O}_{7}}^{6-}$