Question

The stimulants present a tea, cocoa, and cold drink
A. Cocaine
B. Tannin
C. Opium
D. Caffeine

Answer 1

Hint: Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant of the methylxanthine class of psychoactive drugs. It is the mildest stimulant and is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug.

Complete answer: Caffeine is a methylxanthine alkaloid found in the seeds, nuts, or leaves of a number of plants native to South America and East Asia that is structurally related to adenosine and acts primarily as an adenosine receptor antagonist with psychotropic and anti-inflammatory activities.
1. Upon ingestion, caffeine binds to adenosine receptors in the central nervous system (CNS), which inhibits adenosine binding. This inhibits the adenosine-mediated downregulation of CNS activity; thus, stimulating the activity of the medullary, vagal, vasomotor, and respiratory centers in the brain.
2. The anti-inflammatory effects of caffeine are due to the nonselective competitive inhibition of phosphodiesterases (PDEs).
3. Caffeine is a xanthine alkaloid that occurs naturally in seeds, leaves, and fruit of several plants and trees that acts as a natural pesticide.
4. Caffeine is a major component of coffee, tea, and chocolate, and in humans acts as a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. Consumption of caffeine, even in high doses, has not been associated with elevations in serum enzyme elevations or instances of clinically apparent liver injury.
5. Caffeine, also known as coffee, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as xanthines.
These are purine derivatives with a ketone group conjugated at carbons 2 and 6 of the purine moiety.
6. Caffeine is a drug which is used for the management of fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, and for the short term treatment of apnea of prematurity in infants.
7. Caffeine exists as a solid, soluble (in water), and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound. In humans, caffeine is involved in the caffeine metabolism pathway.
8. Outside of the human body, caffeine can be found in pulses. This makes caffeine a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Caffeine is a potentially toxic compound.

So, the correct answer is “Option A”.

Note: Physiological variables differed significantly across drug conditions, with significant main effects for drug condition in all the ANOVAs analyzing physiological peak effects.