Question

The shoulder and hip joints are
a) Pivot joint
b) Hinge joint
c) Ellipsoid joint
d) Ball and socket joint

Answer 1

Hint: The hip joint is a joint which requires both weight bearing and also should be able to move freely. The motion of the bones across this joint should be flexible and extensive. The joint present can rotate freely.

Complete answer:
To solve this question, we must know about the bones and joints present in the different parts of the body.
Shoulder joint- In the shoulders, the joint occurs between the scapula and the humerus. It connects the upper limb to the trunk. The joint present here is a mobile joint which is very stable. The ball and socket joint is present in the shoulders. The figure below shows the shoulder joint.

Hip joint- The hip joint is also a ball and socket joint which is formed between the pelvic acetabulum and the head of femur. It forms a connection between the lower limb and pelvic girdle. This joint provides stability and also for bearing weight.
Pivot joint- This joint is also called rotatory joint. This joint allows free movement of the bones around an axis. This type of joint is found in the wrist.
Hinge joint- This type of joint is formed in between two or more bones in which the bones can move along one axis to flex or extend. The joint in the knees, elbow and hinge joint.
Ellipsoid joint- This joint allows back and forth or side wise movement. This type of joint is found in metacarpals.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Note:
Ball and socket joint is a kind of synovial joint. The ball and socket joint is the most freely moveable joint. It allows movement in all directions. It features a rounded head of one long bone resting in the cup of another.