Question

The rock material in liquid or molten state in the interior of the earth is called __________.
A. Magma
B. Mantle
C. Lava
D. Minerals

Answer 1

Hint: It is a semi-liquid rock found beneath the Earth’s surface. This is more seen in the mantle part of the Earth’s surface. This rock is made up of eight elements. When it is pushed through the holes in the crust, it leads to a volcanic eruption.

Complete answer:
Earth’s surface is divided into three layers. The core is the centre part, the mantle is the thick, middle layer, and the crust is the top layer.
Magma is a hot semi-liquid rock located below the Earth’s surface. When magma flows onto Earth’s surface it turns into lava. Much of the Earth’s mantle part consists of magma. Magma pushes through holes in the crust which leads to a volcanic eruption. Magma is a mixture of minerals and also contains small amounts of water vapour, carbon dioxide, and sulphur. High temperatures and pressures in the Earth’s crust keep magma in a fluid state. There are three types of magma:
1. Basaltic
2. Andesitic
3. Rhyolitic
Each type of magma has a different mineral composition. Magma has some percentage of silicon dioxide. Igneous rocks are formed from magma.
Magma is formed by melting the mantle part of Earth’s crust. Differences in temperature and pressure in the mantle and crust results in the magma to form in different ways.
Magma is made up of eight elements such as oxygen, silicon, aluminium, iron, calcium, sodium, magnesium, and potassium.
Oxygen is the most high-level element in magma and is followed by silicon at just over one-quarter. The remaining elements make up the other one-quarter.
Magmas derived from crustal material consist of elements such as oxygen, silicon, aluminium, sodium, and potassium.
The composition of magma depends on the rock it was formed by melting and its related conditions. Magmas are derived from the mantle that has higher levels of iron, magnesium, and calcium.
So, the correct answer is Option A.

Note: The evidence of magmatism has been discovered on other terrestrial planets and on some natural satellites. Magma also contains suspended crystals and gas bubbles. Differences in temperature, pressure, and structural formations in the mantle and crust of Earth’s surface results in magma to form in different ways.