Question

The result of the following reaction or experiment carried out by Avery et al. on streptococcus pneumonia has proved that DNA is the genetic material:
a. Live 'R' strain + DNA from 'S' strain + DNAse
b. Heat killed 'R' strains + DNA from 'S' strain + DNAse
c. Live 'R' strain + DNA from 'S' strain + RNAse
d. Live 'R' strain + denatured DNA of 'S' strain + protease

Answer 1

Hint: Oswald Avery was a bio scientist who worked on the DNA transfer. One of the major works done by him is knowing much about the transforming principle. The Transforming principle changed the world of biochemical. In this particular experiment, Mr. Oswald Avery has isolated the Strain of one bacterium, and later on, he has succeeded in transforming the DNA into the other Strain. Also, in this process, the newly found DNA has conferred the characteristics of the stress later, i.e., the second one. As per the science theories and the experiments, it was proven that the DNA is meant to carry the genetic information of any species.

Complete answer:
 The science experiments say that the R-Strain characteristics are a bit timid and are entirely different from the complete S-Strain.
- R-Strain practically seems to be rigid and harmless material. On the contrary side, the S-Strain is a very contagious material having smooth characteristics.
- The Oswald Avery experiment discussed earlier in the first section has included brief information on the transforming principle.
- The Oswald Avery's experiment has succeeded in transferring the characteristics of one Strain to the other one.
- Me. Oswald Avery through this experiment observed that whenever DNA from the S-Strain type bacteria is considered and put into a culture of the R-strain type bacteria then ultimately, the R-Type Strain gets converted to the smooth and contagious S-type Strain.
- Initially, the experiment did not go as well as per their expectations. The transformation stated above did not show up when the carbohydrates and proteins were taken from the S-type strain bacteria and were added to the R-type one bacteria.
- Later on, to enhance the process and change the direction of the results as they predicted, the team decided to add DNase Enzyme, I.e., live R strain + DNA from the S- Strain Of DNase.
- Unexpectedly, by adding the above materials, the transformation did not show up. Thus, the team of Oswald Avery has concluded that the DNA is a material that is indeed a generic type of material and carries the genetic information in it.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: The most exciting part of this particular experiment is, Mr. Oswald Avery, was thoughtful and carried out the investigation in the following way. Taking the DNA hereditary module as the prime target, he made the transmission of one DNA characteristics into the other one. The discovery of the DNA hereditary module has become a milestone in the history of the DNA Sciences. Moreover, the experiments have proven that S-Strain is an infectious form of Streptococcus pneumoniae.