Question

The reaction $(CH_3)_3C – Br \longrightarrow (CH_3)_3C^{+} + Br^{-}$
A. homolytic fission
B. heterolytic fission
C. cracking
D. all of the above

Answer 1

Hint: In the above question, we have to observe the electron exchange pattern in the reaction since in the options we can see different types of cleaving a covalent bond so can get an idea that answer would be on the basis of electron exchange.One example of the differences in the energies is the energy required to break a Hydrogen-Hydrogen bond

Complete step by step answer:
Firstly there is exchange of electrons among the covalent bonds of the compounds so it must be a type of fission.
Secondly we can see in the reaction that the previously bonded species that is Br takes both original bonding electrons from the other species that is $(CH_3)_3C$.
This gives us an idea that the process included must be a heterolysis.

So, the correct answer is Option B.

Note:
Since the options contain all types of fission processes so one could be confused while choosing the correct one but it should be kept in mind that the above reaction includes the exchange of both of the shared electrons instead of any one so it can be clearly specified as a heterolytic fission however the option of cracking can be ignored clearly and also the all of the above has no sense to be the right answer since there should be only one correct option from the first two.
Heterolytic fission almost always happens to single bonds and the process usually produces two fragment species.