Question

The process used for the removal of hardness of water is:
A. Baeyer
B. Calgon
C. Hoope
D. Serpeck

Answer 1

Hint: Water is the important component needed for survival of life. The main sources of water are rain water, well water, ponds, rivers etc. rain water is considered as the pure water as it contains no salts in it. Water can also be classified into two categories called soft and hard water.

Complete answer:
Soft water can be explained as that water which can form lather with the soap and used in daily life activities like laundry and cleaning. Whereas hard water is that type of water which does not form lather with soap instead of forming lather it forms precipitates with them and hard water is due to the presence of calcium and magnesium ions in them.
Hardness of the water can be explained on the basis of presence of soluble bicarbonates, chlorides and sulfates of calcium and magnesium. Hardness of water can be removed by a number of methods. One of them is Calgon method in which sodium hexametaphosphate known by the name calgon is used and in this hardness of water can be removed by the adsorption of $C{{a}^{2+}}$ and $M{{g}^{2+}}$ ions.

Hence we can say that option B is the correct answer.

Note:
Hard water has high mineral content and generally forms when water percolates through the deposits of chalk and limestone, particles which are made up of magnesium and calcium. Hardness is also of two types: Permanent and temporary.