Question

The portion of the endometrium that covers the embryo and is located between the embryo and the uterine cavity is the
A. Desidua basalis
B. Desidua umbilicus
C. Decidua capsularis
D. Decidua functionalis

Answer 1

Hint: The decidua is the uterus' modified mucosal lining (that is, modified endometrium) that forms in pregnancy. It is developed under the control of progesterone in a process called decidualization. Endometrial cells are becoming extremely distinctive. The decidua contains the placenta's maternal section and stays for the remainder of the birth.

Complete answer: The endometrium layer in the mother's uterine cavity is converted during birth to form the maternal placenta, which aids in implanting and supplying the fetus with nourishment. The lowermost layer of the endometrium is the stratum basalis. The section between the stratum basalis and the embryo is the decidua basalis. The section of the endometrium surrounding the fetus is the decidua capsularis. Between the maternal endometrium and the fetus, this portion is placed. Decidua secretes hormones, cytokines, and growth factors. It has estrogen, progesterone, growth hormone receptors, among others. Hormones usually linked to other tissues, such as cortisol, CRF, GnRH, prolactin, and relaxin, are among its items. It is not under dopaminergic regulation for decidual prolactin. Placental protein 12, also referred to as insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1), and PAEP (glycodelin) tend to be unique secretory and decidual lining products. Other released factors include interleukin-15 and the endothelial vascular growth factor (VEGF).
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Note: Like the secretory endometrium, the decidua consists of three layers: the dense superficial layer, the spongy intermediate layer, and the basal thin layer. The decidua contains the placenta's maternal section and stays for the remainder of the birth. It is shed during puberty, which is why the expression "decidua" is used, as in the word deciduous, with the sense of dropping apart.