Question

The plants and animals living in a given area form
A)Biological community
B)Ecotone
C)Biome
D)None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: Ecosystem comprises a community of plants, animals and the abiotic components interacting among each other. The interactions are in the form of food, sexual partner or shelter. An example of an ecosystem is the terrestrial ecosystem.

Complete answer:
In an ecosystem, the plants, animals share a particular area or niche. This is plants and animals living in a given area form a biological community. All the living population interacting within a particular geographical area is known as a biological community. The important characteristics of a biotic community is the species diversity, dominance, growth form and structure.

The factors which affect the species interaction in a biological community are-
1.Number of species
2.Predation.
3.Abiotic factors
4.Disturbance like drought, fire etc.

An example of biological community is a forest which contains several plants and animals. The soil contains various microorganisms. The plants animals and microbes obtain food and shelter through interaction in the given forest area.
Ecotone- It is the transition zone between two biological communities where the two communities interact. It has the characteristics which are common to both the communities. It also contains species which are common to both the communities. Example- Marshland found between the river and the river bank.
Biome- It is a biological community that has similar characteristics and shares a similar physical habitat. It is classified on the basis of climate or the plants and animals living in it. For example aquatic biome, land biome etc.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A)

Note: The abiotic factors play an important role in determining the species of plants and animals. These factors include light, water, nutrients, soil, oxygen, carbon dioxide etc. For example in the absence of oxygen only anaerobic organisms can thrive or for a particular soil quality, particular trees would be found.