Question

The periodic table has 18 groups and 7 columns. An isotope of copper, on bombardment with protons, undergoes a nuclear reaction yielding element X as shown below. The group number of element X is:
\[_{29}C{{u}^{63}}{{+}_{1}}{{H}^{1}}\to {{6}_{0}}{{n}^{1}}+\alpha +{{2}_{1}}{{H}^{1}}+X\]
A. 8
B. 7
C. 6
D. 5

Answer 1

Hint: Isotope can be defined as one of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element with the same atomic number and same position in the periodic table and almost identical chemical behavior but have different atomic masses and physical properties. Every chemical element has one or more isotopes.

Complete Step by step solution: Isotopes are those substances which have the same atomic number but different atomic masses but their position in the periodic table remains same and also chemical properties remain almost similar. The periodic table which is also known as the periodic table of elements. It is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements which are arranged according to their atomic number, electron configuration and chemical properties. There are 7 columns and 18 groups are present in the periodic table.
The reaction shown in the question is a nuclear reaction which is a process in which two nuclei and external subatomic particles collide to produce one or more nuclides. In this type of reaction a large amount of heat is produced.
\[_{29}C{{u}^{63}}{{+}_{1}}{{H}^{1}}\to {{6}_{0}}{{n}^{1}}+\alpha +{{2}_{1}}{{H}^{1}}+X\]
As we know that \[\alpha {{=}_{2}}H{{e}^{4}}\]
So to find out the element X we have to calculate its atomic number i.e. Z value so
\[Z=29+1-6(0)-2-2(1)\]
29 is for copper; 1 for hydrogen; neutrons are neutral in nature so the atomic number is 0; for alpha particles as discussed above 2 and for hydrogen 1.
\[\therefore Z=26\]
Now mass number of element X is calculated by:
\[A=63+1-6(1)-4-2(1)=52\]
Hence, the element X is \[_{26}F{{e}^{52}}\]. Iron belongs to group 8 of the periodic table.

Thus, option A is the correct answer.

Note: In nuclear reaction instead of \[\alpha \]particles \[\beta ,\gamma \] emission is also there and this type of reactions are highly exothermic in nature i.e. a large amount of heat is produced in this type of reactions.