Question

The percentage of carbon is the same in
(A)- cast iron and pig iron
(B)- cast iron and steel iron
(C)- pig iron and steel
(D)- pig iron and wrought iron

Answer 1

Hint: All steel contains 2.14% of carbon. The main difference between iron and steel is that iron is metal while steel is an alloy of iron. Iron is lustrous, ductile and ferromagnetic metal. Steel on the other hand is a ferrous iron.

Complete answer:
-A group of carbon alloys that have carbon content more than 2% is known as Cast iron. The main elements of cast iron are carbon ranging from 1.8 to 4% and 1-3% of silicon. Iron alloys with a lower percentage of carbon are known as steel.
-The intermediate product of the iron industry in the production of steel is known as pig iron. It is also known as crude iron because it is obtained by smelting iron ore in a blast furnace.
-Pig iron has about 3.8-4.7% of carbon which is a relatively higher amount of carbon along with some constituents of silica and dross.
-An iron alloy with few percentages of carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance is known as steel. Steel has a relatively very low percentage of carbon, which is 0.05-0.30% which makes it malleable and ductile.
-An iron alloy with a very low carbon content, that is less than 0.08% is known as wrought iron. Wrought iron is given its name because it was hammered, rolled, and when hot, is enough to expel molten slag.
-The first combination of our option A is cast iron and pig iron which has 1.8-4% and 3.8-4.7% of carbon percent respectively present, which is nearly the same as an average of about 2%.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Note:
Cast iron is produced from pig iron which is the product of melting iron ore in a blast furnace. It can be directly obtained by melting and remelting an iron pig. It is useful mainly because of its relatively low melting temperature, good fluidity, castability, excellent, machinability, resistance to deformation, and wear resistance. By the remelting of pig iron, pig iron can be produced with substantial quantities of steel and scrap iron. To make steel stainless, that is to make id oxidation and corrosion-resistant, 11% of chromium is added. Before the development of steel making, wrought iron was the most common form of malleable iron.