Question

The particle(s) which contain charged particle is/ are:
A. $\alpha $- particles
B. $\beta $- particles
C. $\gamma $- rays
D. anode rays

Answer 1

Hint: The phenomenon of emitting radiations by an element is called radioactivity. The rays like alpha, beta and gamma rays are the types of radioactive rays. Anode rays are also known as canal rays and are produced by ionizing a gas.

Complete answer:
A particle that contains either a positive or a negative charge is known as a charged particle. We are given the particles, $\alpha $- particles, $\beta $- particles, $\gamma $- ray, and anode rays to determine which among these charged particles are.
$\alpha $- particles, or alpha rays are the nucleus of the helium atom. This means it consists of protons and neutrons, as the nucleus of any element consists of protons and neutrons. We know that protons contain a positive charge, and neutrons don't have a charge, which means, $\alpha $- particles have a positive charge. So they contain a charge.
$\beta $- particles are the stream of electrons moving with the velocity of light, which is $3\times {{10}^{8}}m/s$. Since the electrons are negatively charged species, so the charge on $\beta $- particles is also a negative charge.
$\gamma $- rays are the radioactive rays. They possess electromagnetic radiations and are electrically neutral, meaning they do not carry a charge. So, $\gamma $- ray does not have any charged particles.
Anode rays were discovered with the discovery of protons. They are called canal rays and are produced on ionization of a gas inside a discharge tube. These rays moved from anode to cathode, hence they are positively charged rays. So they carry a positive charge.
Hence, particles that carry a charge are $\alpha $- particles, $\beta $- particles, and anode rays.

Note:
$\alpha $- particles, $\beta $- particles, and $\gamma $- rays contain penetrating power and have ionization abilities. This property of these particles is used in studying the interior of any object. Gamma rays are neutral like that of X-rays. The radiations emitted by these radioactive rays can be harmful.