Question

The organelle of the endomembrane system associated with the sorting of lipids and proteins for various cellular functions are-
A.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
B.Lysosomes
C.Vesicles
D.Golgi apparatus

Answer 1

Hint: This organelle is present in most eukaryotic cells. Proteins and lipids undergo more modifications when they migrate through it. Short chains of sugar molecules, or phosphate groups attached as tags, might be inserted or withdrawn.

Complete answer:
First we should know about the endomembrane system to answer this question. In eukaryotic cells, the endomembrane system is a collection of membranes and organelles working together to package, modify, and transport proteins and lipids. The Golgi apparatus, the nuclear envelope, the vesicles, and the ER consists of the endomembrane system.
Now, let us find the solution from the options-
The RER comprises a network of flattened sacs and membranous tubules. The proteins fold within the RER and undergo modifications, such as the incorporation of side chains of carbohydrates. These modified proteins can be integrated or secreted from the cell into cellular membranes, the ER membrane or those of other organelles. Thus, the option A is incorrect.
The lysosome is an organelle which has digestive enzymes and serves as the animal cell's organelle-recycling facility. It breaks down old and redundant structures so that they can reuse their molecules. The endomembrane system includes lysosomes, and certain vesicles that exit the Golgi are bound to the lysosome. Thus, the option B is incorrect.
Golgi apparatus bundles proteins into membrane-bound vesicles within the cell as part of the endomembrane system in the cytoplasm before the vesicles are sent to their target. Thus, the option C is incorrect.
The lipids and proteins are necessary to sort, package, and tag in the transport vesicles so that they end up in the correct position. This sorting, packing, tagging, and distribution occur in an organelle consisting of flattened membrane discs in the Golgi apparatus (Golgi body). The Golgi apparatus is the organelle of the endomembrane system concerned with sorting lipids and proteins for different cellular functions.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D)

Note: The recipient part of the Golgi apparatus is referred to as the cis face and the trans face is called the opposite side. Transport vesicles from the ER move to the cis face and fuse with it and drain their contents into the lumen of the Golgi apparatus.