Question

The number of protein amino acids is:
A) 20
B) 16
C) 32
D) 64

Answer 1

Hint: Proteins are biomolecules specifically, macromolecules that are found in all organisms. Proteins play a major role in every aspect of an organism because these are essential for survival and have great significance as structures, functions, regulation etc.

Complete answer:
A protein is a long polymer of thousands of amino acids linked to each other via polypeptide linkages or peptide bonds. The sequence of the amino acids is determined by the coding sequence of genes present in the DNA. The genes in DNA code for the protein chain synthesis which is required for proper functioning of the body. There are about 20 amino acids that are joined in various combinations to form about one hundred thousand of different protein chains.

Thus, the correct answer is option a 20.

Additional information: Some of the common functions that are performed by proteins are:
Growth and maintenance: Proteins are required for the growth of an organism as it forms many structural components such as fibers which hold various substances in cell, for example keratin, collagen, and elastin. Also, proteins form the major parts of the muscles which is a structural component of the body.
Biochemical reactions: proteins participate in various biochemical reactions in which they act as a substrate or an enzyme (depending on the type of reaction). Many processes are carried out with the help of proteins such as digestion, locomotion (contraction of muscles that cause movement), blood clotting (serum proteins form mesh-like structures which get entangled with each other to create a blood clot).
Messenger: Various proteins act as chemical messengers or simply we call them as hormones which mediate the communication from cell to cell. These proteinaceous substances are secreted by endocrine glands and are transported by blood to different destinations. For example insulin, glucagon etc.
Proteins also maintain the fluid balance in the body with the help of proteins such as albumin and globulin which retain or release water in the blood. If these proteins are not present the water from the cells leak out and result in edema or swelling.
Many proteins form immunoglobulins or antibodies which cause immune response in the body to fight against the infection or a foreign agent.
Proteins also act as carrier molecules for various important elements. Haemoglobin is one such example which carries oxygen molecules to all over the tissues present in the body to generate energy.

Note: The proteins form a large group of biomolecules that are essential in day to day life. You may be amazed to know that the life span of proteins is about two days, that is they need to be replaced after some time. Therefore, a proper diet of proteins is necessary to maintain a healthy lifestyle.