Question

The number of isomers for \[{C_6}{H_{14}}\]is:
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 3

Answer 1

Hint:Hint: Isomers refer to the organic molecules having the similar molecular formula but distinct arrangement of atoms in space. There are generally two types of isomers i.e. (i) Constitutional isomers which refer to the molecules of different connectivity and (ii) stereoisomers which refer to the molecules of same connectivity but the parts are oriented distinctly in space.

Complete answer:
The given compound i.e. \[{C_6}{H_{14}}\] (hexane) is an acyclic alkane (as it possess chemical formula of \[{C_n} \cdot {H_{2n + 2}}\]). In the present case, n = 6. The structure of hexane is shown below:

Since the given compound i.e. hexane does not possess any functional groups, we can create its chain isomers (structural or constitutional isomers). We can form chain isomers of hexane because there is a possibility of branching in the carbon chains of hexane. By switching the methyl groups (i.e. \[C{H_3}\]) and hydrogen atoms on the hexane chain, we can change the way the atoms are bonded with each other. In the present case, we can observe all five chain isomers of hexane i.e. hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2,3-dimethylbutane, and 2,2-dimethylbutane as demonstrated below:

Hence, the correct answer is Option B i.e. The number of isomers for \[{C_6}{H_{14}}\] is 5.

Note:
In order to determine whether the two molecules are constitutional isomers, you can count the number of each atom in both of the molecules and check how the atoms are being arranged. Always remember that as the number of Carbon atoms in an alkane increases, the number of its structural (or constitutional) isomers also increases.