Question

The new strain of bacteria produced by biotechnology is
A. Escherichia coli
B. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
C. Bacillus subtilis
D. Pseudomonas putida

Answer 1

Hint:The organisms which contain functional foreign genes experimentally introduced into their genome by genetic engineering from another species are called transgenic organisms, also called transgenics the foreign genes alter the host cell genetically, and is termed transgene. Transgenic organisms are also called genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

Complete answer:Transgenic bacteria with environmental use.
Pseudomonas putida is a genetically modified organism; Genes have been introduced into bacteria to create bacterial strains having important environmental uses.
Such bacterial strains accelerate the degradation of oil spills, Destroy dangerous chemicals (e.g., chlorinated hydrocarbons) present in the toxic wastes
It has a very diverse aerobic metabolism that is able to degrade organic solvents such as toluene.

So the correct answer is option D. Pseudomonas putida.

Additional information:
Bacterial and yeast cells have been engineered with new genes that code for useful human proteins. Such proteins include (a) insulin needed for the treatment of diabetes ; (b) blood clotting factor used in the treatment of hemophilia; (c) growth hormone needed for the treatment of pituitary dwarfism; (d) tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) used for dissolving blood clots in heart attack patients and (e) interferon, interleukin and tumor necrosis factor used in the treatment of certain kinds of cancer.

Note: Engineered E.Coli produces bovine growth hormone (bGH). This hormone, when injected into cows, raises milk production as well as beef output. The E.Coli produces the enzyme cellulose, which hydrolyses cellulose and enables animals to utilize the entire feed.
Pseudomonas putida a gram-negative proteobacterium possesses the outstanding ability to tolerate a high concentration of different hydrocarbons.