Question

The National Human Rights Commission is the Watchdog of Human Rights in the country. That is, the rights relating to life, equality, liberty and dignity of the individual, guaranteed by the _____________.
A. Constitution or embodied in the international covenants and enforceable by courts in India
B. Supreme Court
C. League of Nations
D. None of these

Answer 1

Hint: The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India is an independent statutory body established under the Protection of Human Rights Act of 1993 on 12 October 1993 and subsequently amended in 2006. It’s headquarters is located in New Delhi. It was developed in accordance with the Paris Principles, adopted in Paris (October 1991) for the promotion and defence of human rights and endorsed on 20 December 1993 by the General Assembly of the United Nations.

Complete answer:
 As per definition human rights are inherent to all, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. They include the right to live the life they want and liberty to live peacefully without slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and expression, the right to work and education, and many more ,entitled to everyone, without any discrimination.
The NHRC is a multi-member body composed of seven other members and a Chairman. There are three ex-officio members out of these seven members. On the advice of a high-powered committee headed by the Prime Minister, the Chairman and members of the NHRC are named by the President of India and are appointed for 5 years or until the age of 70, whichever is earlier. On allegations of proven wrongdoing or incapacity may they be dismissed, if proven by an investigation conducted by a Judge of the Supreme Court. The Commission also has five specialised sections, i.e. Law Division, Inquiry Division, Policy Analysis & Programmes Division, Training Division and Administration Division. In consultation with the Chief Minister, the Home Minister, the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and the Leader of the Opposition, the President and members of the State Commission are appointed by the Governor.
Duties of NHRC Includes;

1. Investigations on violations of human rights either Suo moto or after receiving a petition.
2.interfere in the judicial proceedings involving any allegation of violation of human rights.
3.Jail visits to analyse living conditions of the inmates.
4.It can review the safeguards provided under the constitution or any law for the protection of the human rights and can recommend appropriate remedial measures.
5.Research in the field of human rights.
6.Spreading human rights awareness among people and promoting the information regarding safeguards available for the protection of these rights through various publications, media, seminars and other means.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note:On 10 December, the day on which the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, Human Rights Day is observed every year. In December 1948, UNESCO was the first organisation of the United Nations to put the Universal Declaration at the centre of all its actions, through education and the media, to promote it throughout the world. The Universal Human Rights Declaration empowers all of us. Today, as in 1948, the ideals enshrined in the Declaration remain as valid. We need to speak up for our own and other rights. In our own everyday lives, we should take steps to safeguard the rights that protect us all and thus facilitate the kinship of all human beings.