Question

The measurement of rate of oxygen utilisation by a unit volume of water over a period of time is to measure.
A. Biochemical oxygen demand
B. Biosynthetic Path
C. Biogas Generation
D. Fermentation

Answer 1

Hint: Measuring respiration rates can be a flexible instrument for cellular and metabolic condition diagnostics. It has the capacity to assess the oxygen absorption rate of cellular samples directly. This helps to consider a broad variety of biological structures, from single cells to complex ecosystems.

Complete answer:
Biosynthesis is an enzyme-catalyzed, multi - stage process where substrates in living organisms are transformed into more complex products.
The generation of biogas is the method of the formation of a gaseous mixture formed in the absence of oxygen by the breakdown of organic matter.
Fermentation is a metabolic process that induces chemical changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes.
The amount of oxygen used by the decomposing bacteria to decompose or split down the organic compounds in the surface water is the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) in simple terms. The BOD rise reflects that the concentration of the organic mass is immense, so the bacteria can demand a significant amount of oxygen.
This results in a lack of dissolved oxygen in the water which, due to hypoxia, has a detrimental effect on marine life. The BOD can therefore be defined as the calculation over a period of time of the rate of oxygen utilization by a unit volume of water.
So, the correct answer is “Option A”.

Note:
Dissolved oxygen is used by microorganisms living in oxygenated water to oxidatively dissolve organic compounds, energy released that is used for growth and reproduction. In equivalent to the quantity of food available, the populations of these microorganisms begin to increase. This bacterial growth produces an oxygen demand proportional to the amount of organic compounds that are useful as food. Microbial metabolism will, under certain conditions, absorb dissolved oxygen faster than atmospheric oxygen.