Question

The largest mammalian vertebra is
(a) Thoracic
(b) Sacral
(c) Lumbar
(d) Cervical

Answer 1

Hint: It comprises five individual cylindrical bones to form the spine in the lower back and also provides flexibility and movement to the trunk region.

Complete answer:
The lumbar vertebrae are the largest amongst all the vertebrae because the lumbar vertebrae must be able to support the weight of the body when a person is standing because of the effects of gravity.
There are four types of vertebrae based on their location and structure.
Cervical vertebrae: These make up the first section of the vertebral column and consist of seven bones – C1 to C7. They generally have a smaller body and hence known as the smallest vertebrae. It has a widespread vertebral foramen to house the thick part of the spinal cord.
Thoracic Vertebrae: The thoracic vertebrae are twelve in number and are referred to as T1 – T12. In this region, the rib cage is present and the thoracic vertebrae have a slight modification to articulate with the ribs. Each rib articulates with the corresponding vertebra and the vertebra above it.
Lumbar Vertebrae: There are five lumbar vertebrae, designated as L1 – L5 which are referred to as the largest vertebrae and have huge bodies. They take on the weight of the body and have a great capacity for movement. Spondylosis is most common in this region of the vertebral column.
Sacrococcygeal vertebrae: Generally, the sacrum and coccyx are studied together as the sacrococcygeal region. The sacrum consists of 5 bones that join together to form a single bone, while the coccyx consists of 3-5 bones that typically do the similar. In females, the sacrum is short and wide, whereas in males it is long and narrow. The coccyx is the remnant of the tail.

So the correct answer is “lumbar”.

Note: The major function of the vertebral column is the protection of the spinal cord. It also provides stiffening for the body and site for attachment for the pectoral and pelvic girdles and many muscles.