Question

The IUPAC name of the following compound is
$HOOC - C{H_2} - CH - {(CHO)_2}$

Answer 1

Hint:The sequence of IUPAC naming should be carefully noted. The priority sequence will be of great use in the solution making. The naming of different functional groups should also be kept in mind. The different suffix and prefix names of functional groups should be practiced carefully.

Complete solution:
During the process of naming a compound, all the steps of IUPAC naming must be clear.
We have to count for the longest chain (parent chain). If only one carbon is present then naming will start with Meth, if two carbons are present then naming will start with Eth, if three carbons are there naming will start with Propan and so on.
When some functional groups are given priority the suffix used in the naming will be different from , when that functional group will act as the substituent as in case there is some other functional group which is to be prioritized.
For e.g. when aldehyde is given priority it is named as “$al$” in the suffix but when it is used as a substituent the prefix used is termed as “$ - formyl$”.
The suffix used in the naming of a carboxylic acid will be “$ - oic$$acid$”.
The order of priority series-
$ - COOH, - S{O_3}H, - COOR, - COCl, - CON{H_2}, - CN, - CHO, - \succ C = O, - OH,etc$
Hence in the given compound the priority will be given to the carboxylic acid functional group and aldehyde will be treated as substituent.
For naming the counting will start from the carbon of carboxylic acid, thus the two aldehyde groups are attached at $3'$ carbon.
$HOO{C^{1'}} - {C^{2'}}{H_2} - {C^{3'}}H - {(CHO)_2}$
Thus the naming will be$3,3 - Diformyl -propanoic acid$.

Note:The prefix used for aldehyde is considered to be “$ - formyl$” but “$ - oxo$” can also be used in some cases. Also the prefix used for ketone is particularly “$ - oxo$”. Thus there should not be any confusion in case of using “$ - oxo$”.