Question

The hydrophilic nature of DNA is due to the presence of
a. Phosphate group
b. Deoxyribose sugar
c. Thymine base
d. A number of hydrogen bonds

Answer 1

Hint: DNA is the chemical structure of the molecule that carries genetic instructions in all living organisms. The DNA molecule is composed of two intertwining strands and they are wind around one another which forms a shape called a double helix.

Complete answer:
Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA is the main information storage system present in the animals and plants. Some viruses also bear the DNA system. It is a chemical structure of a genetic molecule which is a sugar and phosphate backbone and the bases have sticking out from it. The DNA is a two stranded structure, where the strands are coiled with one another. This shape is known as a double helix. The term deoxyribose refers to the sugar and the nucleic acid refers to the phosphate and the bases.

The bases consist of adenine, cytosine, thymine, and guanine which are known as A, C, T, and G. DNA is simply a polymer of these four bases A, C, T, and G. But the DNA has a complexity to be encoded by the pattern of those bases, one after another.

> Option A: Hydrophilic molecules are those types of molecules which tend to dissolve easily in water. The DNA is hydrophilic in nature. In the DNA, the phosphorus is found in the phosphodiester bonds. This bond bears a negative charge as a surplus electron and the phosphate backbone is exposed to the surface. For this reason, they can dissolve easily with water.

> Option B: Deoxyribose sugar is the sugar component of the DNA that is connected with the phosphodiester bond. The sugar is covalently bonded to the bases.

> Option C: Thymine is one of the pyrimidine bases that make up the structure of the DNA and in RNA it is replaced by uracil.

> Option D: Hydrogen bonds are the bonds between the bases and are weak in nature. THe interior of DNA is hydrophobic due to the presence of the hydrogen bonds.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: DNA which is the main responsible for the genetic properties is a chemical structure of the genetic molecules. It is a two-strands structure, which is known as a double helix. The split of DNA is called gene and DNA is found in the chromosome. In nature, the DNA is hydrophilic due to the presence of phosphorus in phosphodiester bonds.