Question

The homologous organs have different functions and have _______ structures.
a. Similar
b. Different
c. Both A and B
d. Hetero

Answer 1

Hint: There are different types of animals present on the planet which are different in structure. The body of the human as well as other animals comprises different types of organs. This organ can be classified into two groups which are analogous organs and homologous organs.

Complete answer:
The skeletal anatomy of different types of animals is different. The body of each animal, as well as human, is composed of different types of organs. There are two types of the organ; analogous organs and homologous organs.

Analogous organs are defined as the organs of different animals that have anatomically dissimilar structures but they evolved independently to perform the same functions such as the wings of the insect and the wings of the bird which are structurally different but they execute the same function.

Homologous organs are such types of organs present in different animals that are similar in structure but their functions vary in each animal. The structure of the two different animals may resemble but the functions of their organs vary. The structure of homologous organs denotes that the same structures are evolved along with different functions due to the perform different needs.

An example of the homologous organs is the pattern of bones of forelimbs of humans, bats, whales, frogs, and cheetahs. All these animals have the similarities in the structure of the forelimbs, but it performs a different function based on their requirement. The forelimbs of whales are used for swimming. In humans, it is used for writing, eating, and holding. Bat also uses it for holding things and frogs use it for jumping while it is used by cheetahs to run.

The homologous organs are always developed from common ancestors. These organs arise from the same origin. These organs can be used as evidence of evolution.
Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: There are two types of organs found in different animals which are analogous organs and homologous organs. When the structure of the organs of different animals is different but performs a similar function, these organs are known as analogous organs and the homologous organs have different functions but have similar structures. The wing of bats, wings of birds, the flipper of wheels, forelimb of a horse, and the arm of humans have common anatomy that was present in their last common ancestors but these organ’s functions are different. Therefore, these forelimbs are an example of homologous organs.