Question

The given figure shows two endocrine glands (marked as A and B) and the hormones (marked as 1 and 2) secreted from them.

Identify the hormone represented by lines 1 and 2.
A. 1-ACTH, 2-Aldosterone
B. 1-ACTH, 2-Adrenaline
C. 1-TSH, 2-Thyroxine
D. 1-TSH, 2-Aldosterone

Answer 1

Hint: The glands that make up the endocrine system make chemical messengers known as a hormone that travels through the blood to other portions of the body. Essential endocrine glands are-the thyroid, pituitary, thymus, parathyroid, and adrenal glands.

Complete step-by-step answer:
ACTH is a hormone made by the anterior pituitary gland, a tiny gland at the base of the brain. ACTH regulates the production of other hormones found in the adrenal cortex. These hormones include glucocorticoids and sex hormones.
The primary function of the adrenocorticotropic hormone is to stimulate adrenal glands to release various glucocorticoids and sex hormones. Aldosterone is one such mineralocorticoid hormone that is released upon the action of ACTH. It is generated in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex. This hormone affects water and salt regulation in the body. It helps to regulate the balance of water and salts in the kidney by keeping sodium in and releasing potassium from the body. Too much aldosterone can result in high blood pressure and a build-up of fluid in body tissues.
Option is C incorrect since TSH does not affect the adrenal glands. Option D is incorrect because the TSH does not affect the secretion of aldosterone. Option B is incorrect because adrenaline is produced in the adrenal medulla and not the cortex region.
Therefore the correct answer is Option A.

Note: The pituitary gland is called the “master gland” because it controls and monitors several bodily functions through the hormones it generates. Adrenal glands create hormones that control metabolism, blood pressure, the immune system, response to stress, and other essential functions.