Question

The fusion between the male and female gamete is called
(a)Syngamy
(b)Triple fusion
(c)Double fertilization
(d)Amphimixis

Answer 1

Hint: Syngamy is the process for organisms to become genetically more diverse. Its main goal is the renovation of genetic material. The new cell formed will have a different genotype from the gametes. Continuous syngamy results in an increased amount of DNA which is balanced by meiosis.

Complete answer:
Syngamy is the process in which the fusion of the male and female gamete takes place. It occurs in the fallopian tube and results in the development of fertilized egg cells or the zygote. This zygote undergoes cell division to form a new individual. It is also known as fertilization.
In advanced plants, fertilization is preceded by pollination, during which pollen is transferred to get attached to the female gamete or macrospore.
In advanced animals, penetration of the egg cell is done by a single spermatozoon just after fusion.

Additional information:
-Triple fusion is a process involving the fusion of two polar nuclei and a sperm nucleus, resulting in the formation of the endosperm. It occurs in seed-bearing plants.

-Double fertilization is a process involving joining a female gametophyte with two male gametes, resulting in the formation of the endosperm. The fertilized ovule forms the seed while the tissues of the ovary become the fruit after fertilization.

-Double fertilization is a very complex fertilization mechanism of flowering plants.

-Amphimixis is a process in which fusion of pronuclei from two different gametes, that is male gamete and female gamete to form a zygote.

So, the correct answer is ' syngamy'.

Note:
Syngamy is of three types-
1. Isogamy- occurs when a similar gametes fuse. To avoid self-pollination, an advanced system of recognition is used to recognize different types of genotypes.
2. Heterogamy- occurs when the gametes are of two different sizes. The female gamete is larger and the male gamete is smaller.
3. Oogamy- occurs when the mobility of the gametes are different. The oocyte is the non-motile female whereas the spermatozoon is the flagellate male.