Question

The function of ………... is auto dissolution and osteogenesis.
(a)Golgi bodies
(b)Ribosome
(c)Lysosomes
(d)Mitochondria

Answer 1

Hint: The function of auto dissolution and osteogenesis is done by the cell organelle which is known as the suicidal bag of the cell. It is a membrane-bound organelle that is found abundantly in a phagocytic cell.

Complete answer:
The function of auto dissolution and osteogenesis is done by the lysosome. It is an organelle that is made by the secretory vesicles of Golgi bodies. It is part of the endomembrane system and is responsible for phagocytosis in a cell. The formation of bone cells and their destruction both is done by lysosomal activity. The osteoclast cells which remove the bone matter do so by releasing lysosomal enzymes that degrade it. This process is initiated by the parathyroid hormone (PTH).

Additional Information: Let us look at the functions of lysosomes in detail.
Intracellular digestion: Phagocytosis is defined as the process of taking in solid foreign substances inside the cell and digesting it with the help of hydrolytic enzymes present in the lysosome. Pinocytosis is the absorption of fluid into the cell. Both these processes provide energy to the cell.
Removal of dead cells: The enzymes of lysosomes remove the dead cells of the body such as white blood cells that have engulfed a bacterium, cells in the outer layer of the skin, etc.
Role in metamorphosis: Disappearance of the tail during metamorphosis when a tadpole larva of frog becomes an adult is caused by the enzymes of the lysosome.
Role in fertilization: The head of the sperms secrete lysosomal enzymes which allow it to penetrate the vitelline layer of the egg.
So, the correct option is ‘Lysosomes’.

Note: -If there is a malfunctioning of lysosomes, it leads to diseases like Pompe’s disease in which the glycogen is taken up by the lysosome but is not digested.
-The hydrolytic enzymes of the lysosome work at a very low pH of 4.5-5.
-The endomembrane system consists of the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, vesicles, and lysosomes.