Question

The first open-heart surgery was performed in
a. 1945
b. 1953
c. 1967
d. 1893

Answer 1

Hint: The open-heart surgery is a kind of surgery in which the surgeon makes a big cut in the chest to open the rib cage and operate on the heart. Sometimes, based on the type of surgery the surgeon opens the heart also.

Complete answer:
- 1945: The structure of DNA was developed in 1945 by Watson, Crick and Wilkins. DNA is a deoxyribonucleic acid which is a molecule and composed of two polynucleotide chains in the form of the double helix.
- 1953: In the year 1953 many important inventions took place such as the invention of the first polio vaccine. The description of the double helix structure of DNA was given in the year 1953.
- 1967: In the year 1967 the first heart transplants were performed in Brooklyn at the Maimonides Medical Centre by Dr Adrian Kantrowitz. The first successful liver transplant in a human was performed by Thomas Stazl in Colorado.
- 1893: The first successful open-heart surgery was performed in the year 1893 by Daniel Hale Williams. He was the son of the barber and founded the first hospital owned by a black American.
Hence, the correct answer is d. 1893.

Note: The first open-heart surgery was performed at the Provident hospital and both the patient and surgeon was African-American. The open-heart surgery is performed on the muscles, valve or arteries of the heart.
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