Question

The ends of long bones, the epiphyses. are made up of
A. Calcified cartilage
B. Elastic cartilage
C. Hyaline cartilage
D. Fibrous cartilage

Answer 1

Hint: To help in articulation of joints and movement the long bones require such type of cartilage.

Complete step-by-step answer:
1. Long bones consist of various parts like, epiphysis, diaphysis, metaphysis. Epiphysis is the end part of a long bone and it is covered with articular cartilage.
2. Hyaline cartilage that is present on the ends of ones in synovial joints is known as articular cartilage.
3. Articular cartilage is a smooth tissue and white in colour and rich in collagen proteins. It does not contain blood vessels or nerves.
4. Articular cartilage lies inside the joint’s cavity of the synovial joint. In it, the synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid which lines the walls of the cavity.
5. THe articular cartilage has various zones: superficial zone consists of collagen II fibers aligned parallel to the articular surface. This helps in resisting shear force. Deep zone of this type of cartilage has the same fibres i.e collagen II type but aligned perpendicularly to the bone. This helps in absorption of compressive loads.


So, the correct answer is “Option C Hyaline cartilage”.

Note:
1. Hyaline cartilage is present in the nose, ribs, trachea and larynx.
2. Yellow fibrous tissue is a ligament made up of elastic connective tissue. It connects to bones together. It is also found in extracellular matrices of connective tissue.
3. Reticular connective tissue is composed of reticular fibres and these fibres are fibroblasts called reticular cells. They are found in the kidney, the spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. They provide support to the tissue cells.