Question

The correct match between item I and item II is:

Item I
(A) Allosteric effect
(B) Competitive inhibitor
(C) Receptor
(D) Poison

And

Item II
(P) Molecule binding to the active site of enzyme
(Q) Molecule crucial for communication in the body
(R) Molecule binding to a site other than the active site of enzyme
(S) Molecule binding to the enzyme covalently

a.) (A)-(P); (B)-(R); (C)-(S); (D)-(Q)
b.) (A)-(R); (B)-(P); (C)-(S); (D)-(Q)
c.) (A)-(P); (B)-(R); (C)-(Q); (D)-(S)
d.) (A)-(R); (B)-(P); (C)-(Q); (D)-(S)

Answer 1

Hint: In order to solve the given problem and match the left box to the correct right box first we will understand the basic definitions of the terms given on the left side such as Allosteric effect, Competitive inhibitor, Receptor and poison. Further on the basis of our definition we will select the correct explanation of the terms on the right side and further we will select the correct order of the terms in the given problem.

Complete step by step answer:
Let us first understand the basic meaning of each of the terms one by one.
a.) Allosteric effect
Allosteric effect: binding of a ligand to a protein molecule at one site in such a manner that it changes the properties of another site on the same protein. The allosteric site or regulatory site is called the site to which the effector binds. Some enzymes are allosteric proteins, and by binding an effector to an allosteric site, their activity is regulated.
Allosteric sites cause effectors to bind to the protein, often resulting in protein dynamics becoming involved in a conformational transition.

b.) Competitive inhibition:
Competitive inhibition is a chemical pathway disruption due to one chemical substance inhibiting another's influence by vying with it for binding or bonding.

c.) Receptors
Receptors in biochemistry and pharmacology are biochemical, protein-composed complexes that absorb and relay signals that can be incorporated into biological processes.
Receptors are proteins that bind signalling molecules known as first messengers, or ligands, to glycoproteins. They can initiate a signalling cascade, or chemical response, that induces or opens membrane channels for cell growth, division, and death.

d.) Poisons
Poisons are chemicals that induce impairment to normal body function when swallowed, swallowed, dissolved or inhaled, typically by chemical reactions or molecular-scale operations.
A variety of poisons are toxic to cells because they are potent non-competitive inhibitors (these compounds bind reversibly to groups far from the enzyme's binding site and are thus less precise than competitive inhibitors, which are normally structurally unrelated to the substrate).

From the above explanation we can understand the explanation of each term is as follows:
Allosteric effect: Molecule binding to a site other than the active site of enzyme.
Competitive inhibition: Molecule binding to the active site of enzyme.
Receptors: Molecule crucial for communication in the body.
Poison: Molecule binding to the enzyme covalently.
Hence, the correct order is: (A)-(R); (B)-(P); (C)-(Q); (D)-(S).
So, the correct answer is “Option D”.

Note: In order to solve the given problem the students need to remember the definition of each of the terms given above. Along with the definitions there are some special properties of different compounds which need to be remembered.