Question

The common raw material used in the preparation of soap and detergent is:
A.Sulphuric Acid
B.Sodium hydroxide
C.Stearic acid
D.Long chain hydrocarbons

Answer 1

Hint: Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids such as stearic acid that are water-soluble. And, detergents are composed of concentrated acids which react to form salts with alkalis.

Complete step by step answer:
Complete step by step solution:
By treating them chemically with a heavy alkali, soaps are made from fats and oils, or their fatty acids. While detergents are long-chain molecules with an ionic sulfonate group in these salts. Therefore, a strong alkali like NaOH is needed for both.

Hence, with this, we can conclude that option B is the correct answer i.e., Sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

Choosing raw materials is the first step in the manufacture of soaps and detergents. Raw materials are chosen on the basis of different criteria, including cost, protection for humans and the environment, compatibility with other ingredients, efficiency, and appearance characteristics of the final product. Although the actual manufacturing process can vary from company to company and manufacturer to manufacturer, there are certain steps common to all types of cleaning products.

So, the correct answer is Option B.

Additional Information:
It is possible to roughly categorize the manufacturing of soaps and detergents into five main categories-
Manufacturing Method of Bar Soaps
Manufacturing Process for Detergents
Manufacturing Method of Liquid Detergents
Method for Packaging
Solutions to production phase flow

Note:
The manufacturing of soaps and detergents is a complex process that involves different activities and processes. The size and complexity of these processes and activities may range from small manufacturing plants that employ a small number of people to those with hundreds and thousands of workers. Basically, in making soap, many techniques are used, most of which involve heat. These processes may be on a batch basis or continuous.