Question

The British government had established a monopoly to trade in opium in Bengal by ______.
a. 1770
b. 1771
c. 1772
d. 1773

Answer 1

Hint:
In 1838 with the measure of snuck opium entering China moving toward 1,400 tons every year, the Chinese forced a capital punishment for opium sneaking and sent a Special Imperial Commissioner, Lin Zexu, to control carrying. This brought about the First Opium War (1839–42). After the war Hong Kong island was surrendered to Britain under the Treaty of Nanking and the Chinese market opened to the opium dealers of Britain and other nations.

Complete solution:
 The Jardines and Apcar and Company overwhelmed the exchange, in spite of the fact that P&O additionally attempted to take a share.[84] A Second Opium War battled by Britain and France against China endured from 1856 until 1860 and prompted the Treaty of Tientsin, which sanctioned the importation of opium. Legitimization invigorated homegrown Chinese opium creation and expanded the importation of opium from Turkey and Persia. This expanded rivalry for the Chinese market prompted India's diminishing its opium yield and differentiating its exports.In the eighteenth century, Britain had a tremendous import/export imbalance with China. In this way, in 1773, the organization made a British restraining infrastructure on opium purchasing in Bengal, India, by precluding the permitting of opium ranchers and private development. The imposing business model framework set up in 1799 proceeded with negligible changes until 1947.As the opium exchange was unlawful in China, Company boats couldn't convey opium to China. So the opium delivered in Bengal was sold in Calcutta on condition that it be shipped off China.

Regardless of the Chinese restriction on opium imports, reaffirmed in 1799 by the Jiaqing Emperor, the medication was pirated into China from Bengal by dealers and office houses, for example, Jardine, Matheson and Co, David Sassoon and Co., and Dent and Co. in sums averaging 900 tons every year. The returns of the medication runners handling their cargoes at Lintin Island were paid into the organization's manufacturing plant at Canton and by 1825, the majority of the cash expected to purchase tea in China was raised by the illicit opium exchange.


Hence, the correct answer is option D.

Note:
The organization set up a gathering of exchanging settlements fixated on the Straits of Malacca called the Straits Settlements in 1826 to secure its shipping lane to China and to battle neighborhood robbery. The settlements were likewise utilized as reformatory settlements for Indian regular citizens and military prisoners. Early in the eighteenth century the Portuguese found that they could import opium from India and sell it in China at an impressive benefit. By 1773 the British had found the exchange, and that year they turned into the main providers of the Chinese market. The British East India Company set up a syndication on opium development in the Indian area of Bengal, where they built up a strategy for developing opium poppies economically and richly. Other Western nations likewise participated in the exchange, including the United States, which managed in Turkish just as Indian opium.