Question

The bond between atoms of two elements of atomic number 37 and 53 is:
A.covalent
B.ionic
C.co-ordinate
D.metallic

Answer 1

Hint: To answer this question you must recall the positions of elements in the periodic table. The positions of an element in the periodic table can be determined by writing the electronic configuration of the atom.

Complete step by step solution:
We start by writing the electronic configuration of atomic number 37
$ \Rightarrow {\text{1}}{{\text{s}}^2},2{s^2},2{p^6},3{s^2},3{p^6},4{s^2},3{d^{10}},4{p^6},5{s^1}$.
Atomic number 37 has one electron in its valence shell and its valence shell is fifth shell
Thus, we can infer that the given element is an s- block element in the fifth period.
Atomic number 37 is Rubidium $\left( {{\text{Rb}}} \right)$.
 Now we write the electronic configuration of atomic number 53
$ \Rightarrow {\text{1}}{{\text{s}}^2},2{s^2},2{p^6},3{s^2},3{p^6},4{s^2},3{d^{10}},4{p^6},5{s^2},4{d^{10}},5{p^5}$
The given element has 5 electrons in its valence shell and its valence shell is the fifth shell.
Thus, we can say that the given element is a halide in the fifth period.
Atomic number 53 is Iodine $\left( I \right)$.
Since there are seven electrons in the valence shell, thus, this element requires one electron to obtain a fully filled p orbital. Iodine has valency $ - 1$
While, we know that, rubidium is an s block metal and has valency $ + 1$.
Thus, an element with atomic number 37 loses one electron to an element with atomic number 53 resulting in the formation of an ionic bond.

Thus, the correct option is option B.

Note: The periodic table can be used to derive relationships between various physical and chemical properties and behaviours of elements. The modern periodic table provides an essential framework that helps in the analysis of various chemical reactions, and is used widely in the fields of chemistry, nuclear physics and other sciences.