Question

The _________ are hot, dry and dusty winds blowing over the southern Mediterranean regions of Europe.
(A) Sirocco
(B) Mistral
(C) Chinook
(D) Harmattan

Answer 1

Hint: These are Mediterranean winds that come from the Sahara and reach North Africa and Southern Europe, particularly during the summer season. The dust within these winds has the capacity to cause wearing to mechanical devices and cause harm to buildings.

Complete answer:The Sirocco are the hot, dry and dusty winds blowing over the southern Mediterranean regions of Europe. It is produced on the east sides of low-pressure centres which travel eastward over the southern Mediterranean. While it originates as a dry wind from North Africa, as it crosses the Mediterranean, because of its high temperature, it becomes humid as the wind picks up the moisture. During Sirocco winds, visibility becomes poor and the blowing dust rarely produces sandstorms too. It causes fog, clouds and rain over northern Mediterranean zones as it travels towards the north.

Option (A): Sirocco is the hot and subsequently humid southeast to southwest winds travelling over the southern Mediterranean basin.
Option (B): The mistral is a strong and cold, northwesterly wind which comes into the Gulf of Lion in the northern Mediterranean from southern France.
Option (C): Chinook wind is a type of foehn wind which is warm and dry and it blows in the interior West of North America, primarily in the winter season.
Option (D): Harmattan is the cool dry north-easterly wind that blows from the Sahara Desert across the north coast of the Gulf of Guinea and the Cape Verde Islands.

Thus the option (A) is correct.

Note: Since Sirocco picks up moisture while passing over the Mediterranean Sea, it leads to rainfall in the southern part of Italy. Due to the red sand mixed with the rainfall, this particular rainfall is known regionally as blood rain.