Question

The anode rays were discovered by:
A. Goldstein
B. Crookes
C. Chadwick
D. Thomson

Answer 1

Hint: The anode rays were experimented and observed in a Crookes tube by a German scientist in 1886. The experiment is known as the Canal Ray experiment which guided in the detection of protons.

Complete step by step answer:
The Canal ray experiment was given by Eugen Goldstein.
Apparatus used:
In this experiment, a discharge tube was utilized containing two electrodes one anode having positive charge and one cathode having a negative charge. The discharge tube was packed with inert gas and a porous cathode was used. A zinc sulfide layer was surrounding the cathode. A high voltage of electricity was discharged to the system.
Properties of anode rays:
The anode rays show similar properties to cathode rays. The anode rays help in causing the heating effect and it forms a sharp shadow which shows that the rays proceed in a straight line.
Observation: It was observed during the experiment that when the gas was present at one atmospheric pressure, there was no change in the tube and when the pressure gets decreased, at the back of the cathode glow could be detected.
Conclusion: From the experimental observation, it was concluded that the anode rays contain positively charged particles which was further named as a proton. It was found that the mass of the proton is $1.67 \times {10^{ - 27}}kg$ and the charge is $+ 1.6 \times {10^{ - 19}}C$
Thus, anode rays were discovered by Goldstein.

Note: The anode contains positively charged particles. The property of anode rays is that they travel in a straight line and possess kinetic energy. The anode rays get deflected towards the magnetic and electric field opposite to the cathode rays.