Question

The acid rain destroys vegetation because it contains
A. Nitrates
B. $H_2SO_4$
C. $O_3$
D. CO

Answer 1

Hint:Acid rain contains harmful acids that mix with water vapour and fall down as rain. It removes minerals and nutrients from the soil that are required by trees to grow.

Complete answer:
The presence of harmful pollutants in air leads to pollution. Human activities like burning of fossil fuels, smoke from factories, thermal power plants, etc., contribute to air pollution.
Chemicals released by rotting vegetation and volcanic eruptions can cause acid rain. Human activities can also emit harmful gases through burning of fossil fuels, industrial factories, power-generating plants and vehicles etc. They are the major cause of acid rain.
The process of combustion mainly produces carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide as a by-product. These gases mix with the air and contribute to air pollution. When sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen present in the atmosphere mix water vapour, it forms sulphuric acid or nitric acid and precipitate as acid rain.
Acid rain has several harmful effects. It increases the acidity of water bodies causing a threat to aquatic animals and affects the food chain in turn. It also harms forest by damaging the leaves of trees and removing essential nutrients from the soil, making it hard for trees to take up water.

Thus the correct answer is option B i.e., $H_2SO_4$.

Note:Acid rain is precipitation that has pH of less than of natural rainwater. The pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in water. It determines if a solution is acidic or basic. Acid rain can also cause damage to many objects such as vehicles, buildings, monuments and statues, etc.