Question

The 80 percent of the work forced in Europe was employed in the technologically advanced industrial sector by the end of the nineteenth century.
A) True
B) False

Answer 1

Hint: A great deal of social change occurred in the 19th century; slavery was abolished, and the First and Second Industrial Revolutions (which also overlap with the 18th and 20th centuries) led to massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit and prosperity.

Complete answer:
At the end of the nineteenth century the people working in the technologically advanced industry were less than 20 percent. As in some industries in nineteenth-century Europe, would prefer hand labour over machines that are because:-
i) The main reason why they were not using the machine was that it was very expensive and to repair it would be very costly for the company to do it.
ii) They were effective but not as effective as it had been claimed by the inventors and manufactures.
iii) There were few industries where only work was done on a seasonal basis so the labour was required at that time only and getting a machine for that would be very costly for them.
iv) As the demand in the market was good in which they would have a variety of designs, color, and specific shapes which could not always be fulfilled by the machines. As few designs and shapes could only be designed with the help of labor.
v) As poor workers were moving from villages to cities the supply of workers in the market was very high as compared to demand which leads to the lowering of the cost of labor and they were available at very low wages.
vi) In the Victorian age, the upper-class people would prefer goods which were made by hands only as it wouldn't be common and it would differ.

Hence the correct answer is option ‘B’.

Note: There were about only 20 percent of people working in the technologically advanced industries which were very low as people were still preferring to keep labors at their job.