Question

The $ 1st,~2nd,~3rd $ and $ 4th $ ionisation energies of silicon are $ {{\text{x}}_{1}},\text{ }{{\text{x}}_{\text{2}}},\text{ }{{\text{x}}_{3}} $ and $ {{\text{x}}_{\text{4}}}~kJ/mole $ respectively. The energy required $ \left( in\text{ }kJ \right) $ to convert all the atoms of $ Si $ to $ S{{i}^{4+}} $ present in $ 280g $ of silicon vapours is (Atomic wt. of $ \text{ }Si\text{ }=\text{ }28\text{ }u $ )

Answer 1

Hint :According to the trendy tabular array or modern periodic table, the elements are organized by supporting their order of accelerating atomic number and periodic properties of elements. The periodic properties are in terms of ionization energy electron-anity, atomic radius, electronegativity, and ionic radius. To predict the element's physical, chemical, and atomic properties by using law of nature and table formation.

Complete step by step solution:
Here given $ 1st,~2nd,~3rd $ and $ 4th $ ionisation energies of silicon are $ {{\text{x}}_{1}},\text{ }{{\text{x}}_{\text{2}}},\text{ }{{\text{x}}_{3}} $ and $ {{\text{x}}_{\text{4}}}~kJ/mole $ along with that weight of $ S{{i}^{4+}} $ is $ 280gm $
The energy required to get rid of one or a lot of electrons from a neutral gaseous atom and convert it into an absolutely charged gaseous particle. On moving from left to right within the table, ionization energy will increase. Once atomic numbers will increase, nuclear charge will increase. Electrons square measure control tightly therefore bigger energy is needed to get rid of electrons.
Here given $ 1st,~2nd,~3rd $ and $ 4th $ ionisation energies of silicon are $ {{\text{x}}_{1}},\text{ }{{\text{x}}_{\text{2}}},\text{ }{{\text{x}}_{3}} $ and $ {{\text{x}}_{\text{4}}}~kJ/mole $
Weight of $ S{{i}^{4+}} $ is $ 280gm $
Therefore, $ Number\text{ }of\text{ }moles\text{ }present=\dfrac{280}{28}=10 $
On moving down the group, ionization energy decreases. Cations are smaller than the neutral atom. Down are, electrons are loosely commanded, then lesser energy is needed to get rid of electrons. The energy gap between the ionization energies help us to guess the valence of part.
For $ 1mole $ , $ Si $ to convert $ S{{i}^{4+}} $ energy required $ \left( x1~~+~x2~~+~x3~~+~x4 \right) $
Therefore, for $ 10moles $ ionisation energy required $ =10\left( x1~~+~x2~~+~x3~~+~x4 \right) $
From the given sequent ionization energy values, the energy gap between second and third ionization energy is relatively more than first and second ionization energy.

Note:
Note that on moving down the group, ionization energy decreases. Cations are smaller than the neutral atom. Down the group, electrons are loosely controlled, therefore lesser energy is needed to get rid of electrons.