Question

How do you test for aromatic compounds?

Answer 1

Hint: Aromatic compounds are the chemical compound planar conjugated ring system. It consists of delocalized $\pi $ electrons. The most common aromatic compound is benzene. All the aromatic compounds show aromaticity.

Complete step-by-step answer: For compound to be aromatic, it should fulfill the four conditions-
-The molecule must be cyclic. For example- benzene and pyrrole. The acyclic compounds are considered to be non- aromatic compounds.
-The compound should be conjugated as it will provide delocalised $\pi $ electrons.
-All compounds must follow huckel’s rule that means the compound must be $\left[ 4n+2 \right]\pi $ electrons where n is the integer.
In laboratory, we do ignition test for aromatic compounds-
In this test we basically take a small amount of compound on the spatula. Put the spatula in front of the Bunsen burner. If we see a yellow sooty flame then that compound is aromatic in nature. It will show unsaturation.

Additional information:
Let us see some example of aromatic compound-
-Benzene- it is the most common example of aromatic compounds. it is unreactive towards additional reactions as it is an unsaturated compound.
-Aniline- It is a derivative of benzene but it is not necessary that all aromatic compounds are benzene based.
-Aspirin- it is a drug which is used to reduce pain.

Note: Properties of aromatic compounds-
-Aromatic compounds are immiscible in water and are non polar.
-They are stable compounds.
-They are used as a solvent for non polar compounds.
-They undergo substitution reactions but do not undergo additional reactions.