Question

Temporary or permanent retention of larva stage is known as
(a) Morphogenesis
(b) Embryogenesis
(c) Neoteny
(d) Parthenogenesis

Answer 1

Hint: They are also called juvenilization. They are the delaying or slowing of the physiological (or somatic) progress of an organism, typically an animal. They are also seen in modern humans.

Complete answer:
Temporary or permanent retention of larva stage is understood as the neoteny. Neoteny can be described in organic terms as the retention through an organism of juvenile or still larval traits into later life. In some species, all morphological progress is delayed; the organism is juvenilized but sexually mature. Such shifts of reproductive capability would seem to possess adaptive significance to organisms that exhibit it. In phases of evolutionary theory, the way of paedomorphosis recommends that larval stages and developmental phases of existing organisms may produce, under special circumstances, completely new organisms.
Morphogenesis is the organic process that causes a cell, tissue, or organism to develop its shape. It is one of three primary characters of developmental biology besides the regulator of tissue growth and patterning of cellular differentiation.
In developmental biology, embryonic development, also referred to as embryogenesis, is the development of an animal or plant embryo. Embryonic development begins with the fertilization of an egg cell (ovum) via a sperm cell (spermatozoon).
Parthenogenesis is a kind of reproduction through which an egg can mature an embryo without obtaining fertilization through sperm. Certain insect species including aphids, bees, and ants are recognized to reproduce through parthenogenesis.

So, the correct answer is ‘Neoteny’.

Note:
Neoteny is commonly seen in flightless insects, such as the females of the order Strepsiptera. Neoteny in humans is the slowing or delaying of body growth, related to non-human primates, ending in characteristics such as a large head, a flat face, and comparatively small arms. These neotenic changes may be caused by sexual selection in human evolution.