Question

What is the temperature of the sun's core? How do astronomers determine this temperature? How accurate are the figures?

Answer 1

Hint: The temperature of the Core of the sun is approximately 15 million degree Celsius. There are many ways for calculating the temperature of the sun's core such by using a pyrometer and by using conventional methods of measuring sun rays falling on the earth's surface.

Complete step by step answer:
The temperature of the sun's core is estimated to be 15 million degree Celsius. Which is being estimated by the radiant energy reaches the Earth's surface from 149 km, while allowing the Earth's surface to absorb the radiation; a square centimeter of the Earth's surface perpendicular to sun ray's in one minute receives enough energy to raise the temperature of 1.94gm of water by one degree Celsius. Now taking this solar constant we will multiply this constant by the value of the surface of the sphere with a diameter of 1390600km, we can determine the total radiation of the sun. This value is calories per minute.

Nowadays, the study of spectrograph is used to measure the temperature of the sun's core.
The mass of Earth and sun, distance between the Earth and the sun, radius of Earth and the sun are all approximated and are nearly close to the exact values but are not 100 % correct. In the similar manner the temperature of the Sun's core is also an approximated value which is very near to accuracy but not exactly accurate.

Note: Various other methods used to measure the temperature of the core of the sun's surface are, spectrograph method ; we look at sun using spectrograph and find the spectrum of something glowing hot, second method of measuring temperature is by measuring the frequency and wavelength of light which obtained from nuclear reactions being takes place inside the core of the sun.