Question

Sundarbans of eastern India is an example of _____
a. Marine ecosystem
b. Grassland ecosystem
c. Forest ecosystem
d. Mangrove ecosystem

Answer 1

Hint: The trees and shrubs of this ecosystem grow in saline or brackish water. It can also be defined as tropical coastal vegetation. The Sunderbans delta is formed in the Bay of Bengal with the confluence of three rivers.

Complete solution:
With the confluence of three rivers namely the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghana rivers the Sundarbans delta is formed in the Bay of Bengal. The Sunderbans delta extends from the Hooghly River of West Bengal to the Baleswar river of Bangladesh. The Hooghly river is also called “ Kati-Ganga”. The source of the river is the Ganges. The length of the river is 260 Km and the depth of the river is 117 m. The Howrah bridge also called Rabindra Setu bridge is built on this river.

The mangrove forest is mainly formed between 25 degrees north and 25 degrees south. The forest that occurs in the mangrove area is called halophytes. These forests require low oxygen conditions. They also need physiological adaptations to overcome the problem of low environmental oxygen. The forest of these areas can decay into peat deposits because of fungal and bacterial processes.

Additional Information: The important source of “Blue Carbon” is mangrove. Blue carbons can be defined as the carbon dioxide that is separated from the atmosphere by the ocean ecosystem. The rate of loss of the marine ecosystem is higher with the “ Blue ecosystem”.

Hence, the correct answer is option d.

Note:
The globally endangered species that include one of the important animals called “ Royal Bengal Tiger” or “Irawadi dolphins” have their universal importance and it is the only habitat for the Panthera tigris.