Question

What is the structural formula of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde?

Answer 1

Hint: The given 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde is the IUPAC name of an organic compound. The rules for the naming of any organic compound is given by an organisation known as IUPAC which stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. So, will analyse the given IUPAC name and deduce the structural formula of the given compound.

Complete answer:
We know that the rules for the naming of any organic compound is given by an organisation known as IUPAC which stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.
The IUPAC name of the compound is 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. And now, we will analyse this name as follows:
As the name suggests, there is a hydroxy $( - OH)$ group present in the compound and it is present on benzaldehyde (the aldehyde group is attached to the benzene ring) ring.
Also, in the starting of the name $'2'$ is written which indicates that hydroxyl group is present at the second position on the benzaldehyde ring.
The formula of the benzaldehyde ring is ${C_7}{H_6}O$ and that of the hydroxyl group is $ - OH$ .
Hence, the structural formula of given compound is:
${C_7}{H_6}{O_2}$

Additional Information:
The structure of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde is:

In the above structure, we can clearly see that the hydroxyl group is present at the second position of the benzaldehyde group.

Note:
2-hydroxybenzaldehyde is also commonly known as Salicylaldehyde. It can be synthesised from phenol, alkali and chloroform in the Reimer- Tiemman reaction which was given in $1876$ . Salicylaldehyde is used to prepare Salicylaldoxime, saligenin and coumarin. It is also used in analytical chemistry to detect hydrazine.