Question

Steps taken by the government of India in controlling air pollution are.
A. Compulsory mixing of 20% ethyl alcohol in petrol and 20% biodiesel in diesel
B. Use of CNG as fuel by buses and trucks
C. Compulsory PUC certification of petrol-driven vehicles which tests for CO and hydrocarbons
D. Permission to use only pure diesel with a maximum 500ppm sulphur

Answer 1

Hint: The government of India gave a new fuel policy for lowering vehicular pollution. Petrol driven vehicles with a particular verified document after testing only were allowed for usage. Fines and charges are being implemented in case of breach of the established rules. Several other acts have been launched by the government namely the Air Act and Water Act.

Complete answer:
One of the major steps that were taken by the government of Indian was compulsory PUC certification of petrol-driven vehicles which tests for CO and hydrocarbons. The new fuel policy given by the government was mentioned under Euro II norms. The following instruction and guideline were given:
> The maximum sulphur content in diesel should not exceed 350 ppm.
> The maximum sulphur content in petrol should be limited to 150 ppm.
> The aromatic hydrocarbon content of fuel should be limited to 42% of the fuel used and not more than that.

The Euro II norms applied to only 11 cities initially but from April 2005 these norms were to be followed throughout the country. Several norms that were established are given below:
1) From April 2005 the eleven cities that were earlier following Euro II norms were shifted under Euro III norms. The eleven cities were Delhi, Agra, Kanpur, Ahmedabad, Surat, Mumbai, Pune, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Chennai, and Kolkata,
2) From April 2010 Euro IV norms were made compulsory in those eleven cities and Euro III was applicable for the rest of the country.
3) In 2017 Euro IV norms were established nationwide.

Note: In 2018 Bharat stage VI or Euro VI norms applied only to the capital city of Delhi. It has to be noted that Bharat Stage V or Euro V norms were skipped and therefore do not exist. In 2020 a proposal has been made for the establishment of Bharat stage VI or Euro VI norms throughout the country. Central pollution control board or CPCB was established for closely monitoring the pollution levels of water, air, etc natural resources.