Question

State the uses of following glasses:
A.Borosilicate glass
B.Lead glass

Answer 1

Hint:Borosilicate glass- It is made up of silica and boron trioxide and has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion ( \[ \approx 3 \times {10^{ - 6}}{K^{ - 1}}at{20^0}C\] ). The low coefficient of thermal expansion makes it more resistant to thermal shock than any other common glass. Borosilicate glass is subjected to less thermal stress and can withstand very high temperatures without fracturing. It was developed by German glassmaker Otto Schott and hence earlier it was known as Jena glass. It is manufactured by combining and melting boric oxide, silica sand, soda ash, and alumina. It can withstand temperature up to \[{165^0}C\] .
Lead glass- It is commonly known as crystal and it is considered to be the variety of glass in which lead replaces the calcium content of typical potash glass. It comprises \[18 - 40\% \] (by weight) lead ( II)oxide. It is desirable for a variety of uses due to its clarity. The addition of lead oxide to glass leads to rise in its refractive index and lowers its working temperature and viscosity. The high content of heavy metal lead gives rise to attractive optical properties of lead glass.

Complete step by step answer:
 Uses of borosilicate glass:
It has a wide variety of usage in cookware, lab equipment, medicine, and science, and technology.
Health and Science: It is used in modern laboratory glassware due to its chemical and thermal resistance and good optical clarity. Borosilicate tubing is also used for the production of vials and pre-filled syringes and implantable medical devices.
Electronics: It is used in the semiconductor industry in the development of microelectromechanical systems.
Cookware: It is used in measuring cups, high-quality beverage glassware as it is microwave and dishwasher safe.
Optical uses: It is used in lenses and as glass mirror components in astronomical reflecting telescopes.
b. Uses of lead glass:
Lead glass has many uses in various industries, including table glassware and as a shielding agent from radiation in science and healthcare.
Common uses of lead glass include drinking glasses, ornaments, decanters, jewelry, optical lenses, enamel and lacquers, glass sealants, and radiation shielding from gamma and x-rays.


Note:
Borosilicate glass is very durable compared to any other glass hence it is preferred in high-temperature conditions.
Lead glass is primarily used for decorative purposes.
The wide scope of applications of lead glass is due to the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of lead.