Question

State Graham’s law of diffusion. Write the mathematical form of Graham’s law of diffusion. Give an example of this law.

Answer 1

Hint: We need to know that the gas molecules are classified as two types based on the density of the gas. The two types of gas are lighter and heavier gas molecules. The lighter gas molecules move faster than heavier gas molecules. The movement of gas molecules through other gas molecules is known as diffusion. Air is one of the important things in our life. In the world, without air nothing is surveyed. For human beings, breathing purpose air is the important thing for inhaling and exhaling. For human respiration, oxygen is used for inhalation of breathing and carbon dioxide is exhaled gas. This inhale and exhale gas are important for human lifestyle to survey in the world. Each and every gas has unique properties and unique nature in the atmosphere. One gas is not able to replace another gas in the environment.

Complete answer:
Graham’s law of diffusion states that, at constant temperature and pressure, gaseous molecules or gaseous atoms having lower molecular mass move faster than molecules having higher molecular mass. Graham’s law of diffusion states that, the rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the molecular mass of the gas.
The mathematical form of Graham’s law of diffusion is
Graham’s law is that the rate of diffusion of the gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the molecular mass of that gas.
Rate of diffusion of the gas \[ \propto\] \[ \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{M_1}}\]
M is the molecular mass of the gas.
The example for this law is
\[\dfrac{{{\text{Rat}}{{\text{e}}_{\text{1}}}}}{{{\text{Rat}}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}}} = \dfrac{{\sqrt {{{\text{M}}_{\text{2}}}} }}{{{{\sqrt {\text{M}} }_1}}}\]
Here,
$Rate_1$ is the rate of diffusion of the first gas.
$Rate_2$ is the rate of diffusion of the second gas.
$M_1$ is the molecular mass of the first gas.
$M_2$ is the molecular mass of the second gas.

Note:
All the gases are not ideal in nature. Depending on the condition of the gas it behaves as ideal gas. There are three units for measuring the temperature. There are degrees Celsius, kelvin and Fahrenheit. The moles are one of the main units in chemistry. The moles of the molecule depend on the mass of the molecule and molecular mass of the molecule. Chemical reactions are measured by moles only. The chemical properties of the gas depend on the mixture of gases. All the gases are not helpful for the human body. Some gases are poisonous for the human body. It leads to death also. For example, wrong inhalation of carbon dioxide in the human body leads to death. Some cyanide gases and mono and dioxide gases also lead to human death in the world.