Question

State Boyle’s law and write any four postulates of kinetic theory of gases.

Answer 1

Hint: According to Boyle’s law, if the temperature is constant, the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other. This law can be derived from ideal gas equation which is, PV = RT
Where, R and T are constant

Complete answer :
Boyle's law is a gas law that gives a relationship between pressure and volume of gas at constant temperature. It states that the pressure exerted by a gas at a constant temperature is inversely proportional to volume occupied by gas.

Mathematically, it can be written as, Pressure $ \propto \dfrac{1}{{volume}}$

> The Kinetic theory helps us to explain physical properties of a gas. 

The postulates are:
1. Gases consist of a large number of small particles which have very large interparticle distance as compared to their sizes.
2. The size of these particles is assumed to be negligible.
3. The molecules do not have any force of interaction with each other because of small size and large inter particle distance.
4. The molecules are constantly in random motion. Thus, these may collide with each other and with walls of containers elastically. These elastic collisions with walls cause the pressure exerted by gas.
5. The average kinetic energy of a gas depends on the temperature.

Note: The Kinetic gas theory is a theoretical concept and explains the molecular composition of the gas. This theory helps to develop a relationship between macroscopic properties and microscopic phenomena.