Question

Who started the Saka Era?
A. Kadphises I
B. Kanishka
C. Alexander
D. Menander

Answer 1

Hint:Saka Era is defined as a historical calendar era which coordinates with the Julian year 78 started by the emperor of the Kushan dynasty in the second century.

Complete answer:
Option A, Kujula Kadphises I was the first powerful king of the Kushan dynasty born in 1st century and his empire extended from the river Oxus to Indus in Afghanistan, Iran and the northwest portion of India. He was renowned with the title of ‘Great King, King of Kings’ on the coins which were found during excavations in Taxila. He died at the age of 80 years and thus, is an incorrect answer.

Option B, ‘Kanishka’ was the most powerful king of the Kushan dynasty which marked the beginning of the new Saka Era in the area of Pakistan, Afghanistan and northwest India in the 2nd century. His empire extended to the south in Sanchi, to the east in Varanasi including Mathura. He built his empire of Buddhist monks to spread Buddhism in China. He was popularly known for his military, political and spiritual achievements of life. The day he took the throne was marked as the beginning of the Saka calendar which is still being used by the government of India. So, it is the exact answer.

Option C, ‘Alexander’ commonly known as Alexander the Great was born in Pella of Ancient Greece in 356 BC who conquered Persia. He is well known for creating the largest empire in the ancient world. So, it is not related to the question and an incorrect answer.

Option D, ‘Menander’ is well-known as a Greek dramatist who wrote 108 comedies and won the prize at the Lenaia festival eight times. So, it is not the correct answer.

Hence the correct answer is option ‘B’.

Note: There are four types of calendar followed in India- Vikram Samvat, Saka Samvat, Hijri calendar and Gregorian calendar.