Question

Sleeping sickness is caused by
A. Trypanosoma
B. Leishmania
C. Entamoeba
D. Plasmodium

Answer 1

Hint: Sleeping sickness is also called as African sleeping sickness, and it is an infected born parasitic disease, which occurs in both humans and in some other animals, it is mainly caused by 2 types of parasites, which are protozoans and infection is carried by tsetse fly.

Complete answer:
The disease is caused by mainly 2 types of parasites, which include Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei Rhodesians.
The symptoms of this disease occur in two stages, which includes hemolymphatic stage and neurologic stage.
In the first stage, which is hemolymphatic stage, the symptoms include fever, headache, itchiness, joint pains, and the incubation period for this stage to occur is 1 to 3 days.
And the fever occurs in the intermittent pattern, and severe swelling of lymph nodes is observed, and a sign called Winter bottom's sign is seen.
Along with this features and other symptoms include hepatomegaly , splenomegaly and endocrine, cardiac problems etc
Second stage is the neurologic stage, where the parasite invades the central nervous system by crossing the blood brain barrier.
It causes sleeping disorders and the sleep inversion happens, people sleep timings change, are more prone to sleep at day time and feel insomnia at night time, and it is called sleeping sickness.
And it also causes some neurocognitive symptoms, like tremors, hemiparesis, paralysis of limb, etc. And apart from all, behavioural symptoms like apathy may also be seen.
Other given options include Leishmania -kala zar
Entoemaba – amoebic dysentery
Plasmodium- malaria.

So the correct answer is option A.

Note: In this disease, an early symptom may be seen after the bite of the infected fly but seen in some people mainly if it is caused by Trypanosoma Rhodesians, at the site of fly bite, a trypanosomal chance is formed.