Question

Select the correct option that correctly fills the blanks i - iv I.Less than (i) of genome represents structural genes that code for proteins. II.Chemical substance that binds with repressor and converts it into a non-DNA binding State is (ii). III. In prokaryotes, during replication RNA primer, is removed by (iii) whereas in eukaryotes it is removed by (iv).

(A) (i) - 5%, (ii) - regulator, (iii) - DNA polymerase II, (iv) - DNA polymerase $\beta$
(B) (i) - 10%, (ii) - regulator, (iii) - DNA polymerase I, (iv) - DNA polymerase $\alpha$
(C) (i) - 2%, (ii) - inducer, (iii) - DNA polymerase I, (iv) - DNA polymerase $\beta$
(D) (i) - 50%, (ii) - inducer, (iii) - DNA polymerase III, (iv) - DNA polymerase $\alpha$

Answer 1

Hint: The human genome is made of 3 billion DNA base pairs and out of them an estimated about 20,000-25,000 human proteins only are responsible for coding for proteins and the rest may have regulatory functions.

Complete step by step answer:
The genome which represents structural genes that code for proteins is less than  2%. The Chemical substance that binds with a repressor and converts it into a non-DNA binding State is known as an inducer. A regulatory gene. is a gene involved in controlling the expression of 1 or more other genes. Regulatory sequences, which encode regulatory genes, are often at the five prime ends (5') to the beginning site of transcription of the gene they regulate.
On the opposite hand, Inducers cause repressor proteins to alter the shape or otherwise become unable to bind DNA, allowing RNA polymerase to continue transcription. Regulator genes are often located within an operon, adjacent to that, or far from it.
In prokaryotes, during replication RNA primer is removed by DNA polymerase I whereas in eukaryotes it is removed by DNA polymerase $\beta$.
So, the correct answer is ‘(i) - 2%, (ii) inducer, (iii) - DNA polymerase I, (iv) - DNA polymerase $\beta$ ’.
Note: In prokaryotes, there are three main types of polymerases known which are: DNA pol I, DNA pol II, and DNA pol III. Out of them DNA pol III is the enzyme required for DNA synthesis; DNA pol I and DNA pol II are primarily required for repair. The number of DNA polymerases in eukaryotes is much more than prokaryotes as they are fourteen out of which five are known to have major roles during replication and have been well studied. They are as follows: pol $\alpha$, pol $\beta$, pol γ, pol $\delta$, and pol $\epsilon$.