Question

Select the pairs of isotopes, isobars and isotones from the following nuclei:
$_{11}Na^{22} , _{12}Mg^{24}, _{12}Ne^{23}, _{11}Na^{24}$

Answer 1

Hint: The atom has two parts: Positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electron. The electrons revolve around the nucleus and nucleus is considered as the centre of the atom. Nucleus of the atom contains protons and neutrons. Protons are the positively charged particle while neutrons are chargeless.

Complete step-by-step answer:

When more than one element has the same atomic number but different atomic mass numbers. The elements are called isotopes of each other.
In the given set of elements, the isotopes are:
$_{11}Na^{22} and _{11}Na^{24}$

When more than one element has the same atomic mass number but different atomic numbers. The elements are called isobars of each other.
In the given set of elements, the isobars are:
$_{11}Na^{24} and _{12}Mg^{24}$

When more than one element has the same number of neutrons. The elements are called isotones of each other.
In the given set of elements, the isobars are:
$_{11}Na^{24} and _{12}Ne^{23}$

Note: The atoms have the same number of the protons and electrons. Thus, the atom is chargeless because the number of electrons and protons balance each other. When the atom gains or donates the electrons, the atoms acquire charge.